Group+A+6-B-1+Workspace

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SEA Record
Record your observations below for each stage of your primary source analysis.

Scan
Record observations from the Scan stage here.

***There is a stamp reading** Division of Maps Library of Congress Nov 1 1944 (CB) *It shows the names of the towns. (CF) *It shows rivers and roads. (CF) -Arrows leading away from boxes, appear to represent troop movement. (KM)
 * Map is an Air Map of Europe. (CF)
 * Map says the report is from March 1944 (CF)
 * Key contains US Troops, British Troops, Enemy Troops, and the Bombline. (CF)
 * The word "Secret" is crossed off. (CF)
 * The British and the Americans appear to be mostly in the bay, while the enemy is on land. (CF)
 * It was declassified in 1970. (CF)
 * It is the situation for planned for June 8, 1944 at 2400 hours. (CF)
 * It contains arrows showing heading away from the boxes. (CF)
 * The boxes contain numbers next to the boxes. (CF)
 * The US and British troops are all on one side of the bombline while the enemy is on the other. (CF)
 * * The map shows the positions of the "First US Army Group" (FUSEG) on June 8, 1944. (JH) **
 * *The scale is 1:500,000 (CB) **
 * *There is no Copy # (CB) **
 * *Sheet 3 is written in the top right hand corner(CB) **
 * Some of the boxes say "CDN" in them. (CF)
 * Several of the boxes have Roman Numerals next to them. (CF)


 * Examine**

Record observations from the Examine stage here.

-Troop movement is indicated by arrows. (KM)
 * Since the map shows a plan of attack of the British and American soldiers then the audience appears to be those in the military service of England and the United States. (CF)
 * The map is a plan of attack for June 8, 1944, which indicates that the attack is most likely part of WWII. (CF)
 * The attack is at the Bay of Seine, which indicates that this map was most likely part of a continue plan of attack for the Normandy Invasion. (CF)
 * The fact that the word "Secret" is crossed off indicates that the mission was not well known and was supposed to be a surprise attack. (CF)
 * The fact that it was declassified explains why it is now viewable on the internet. (CF)
 * The arrows show the direction that the troops are supposed to go. (CF)
 * The numbers may indicate which division of the military that particular box stands for. (CF)
 * There is a question mark next to one of the enemy division, indicating that they were not completely certain of where all of the enemy troops were. (CF)
 * T**he Map is indicating troop positions on June 8, 1944 - 2400 hours. (JH)**
 * * The Map was prepared by engineer section 12 AG 1944 (CB) **
 * *There is a question mark beside flag LXXXIV (CB) **
 * *Under declassified there is the initals JLC and a date of 3-82 (CB) **

Analyze
Record observations from the Analyze stage here.

[] -This information has been declassified and released for public viewing. (KM)
 * The map is a plan of attack of how the American's and the British are hoping to surprise attack the enemy at the Bay of the Seine, which is probably part of the better known military action of the Invasion of Normandy. (CF)
 * The map seems to indicate that they have planned out exactly where they want each division located and what direction the division will head and where they will hopefully land on shore. (CF)
 * The question mark on the map indicates that they are not completely certain where all of the enemy troops are so there is a potential for unseen danger. (CF).
 * *The "First US Army Group" (FUSEG) was the phantom Army "led" by General George S. Patton in WWII which was an elaborate plot to deceive the Axis **
 * powers and lead them away from the actual time and real intent of the Normandy invasion by the Allied powers. (JH) **
 * *General George Patton was selected to command this imaginary force rather than actual Allied commands due to his being relieved of his command due to a slapping incident of soldiers being treated for fatigue. (JH) **
 * *General Patton's successful execution of the "illusion" gained him command of the Third Army. (JH) **
 * *Map indicates 2400 hours June 8, 1944. The Normandy invasion began 0000 hours June 6, 1944. (JH) **
 * *D-Day as it commonly know was offically called Operation Neptune (CB) **

Discussion Area
Discuss and answer the following questions about the series of maps.

Discuss and answer here.
 * //How can this series of maps be used in the classroom?//**

This map could be used to show a series of battles that occurred during WWII. The maps could be analyzed to determine whether or not each specific plan of attack was successful and why they think that is. Careful analysis of the map would also yield a better understanding of the "unknowns" and how they might have affected the war. For example, were the makers of the map incorrect about the actual placement of one of the enemies divisions? If so, what damage occurred as a result of that? The maps could also be used to analyze how long it took for the British and the Americans to land, travel, and conquer. (CF)

Students could also pretend they were a general or military strategist and develop a battle or invasion plan. The information would be based on historical facts from that very specific time. (KM)

~Great idea Kevin! You could also have them include analysis of how they would go around the physical features such as a mountain. For example, would they choose to climb it or go around it. (CF)


 * I agree! The students would love to be "commandos". I always loved to play the game RISK. :) (JH) **

Thanks. I think RISK could be a valuable teaching tool. A teacher where I used to work would use RISK in a military history class to teach military strategies. (KM)

[|http://memory.loc.gov/cgi-bin/query/D?gmd:1:./temp/~ammem_uEOX::@@@mdb=mcc,]
 * *This particular map is a source of research into its accuracy/purpose and comparison to a similar map. **

~Jana, I couldn't get this map to open, but the idea sounds really neat! (CF)

[] []
 * *Why do both maps have "FUSAG" on it? Are these the maps of the "Phantom 'First United States Army Group' " or 12th Army? **
 * *One Map indicates 2400 hours June 8, 1944. The other map indicates 2400 hours June 6, 1944. However, upon examination BOTH maps have the same **
 * "call numbers" stamped on them. **
 * *The Normandy invasion began 0000 hours June 6, 1944. **
 * *Is there a difference in the two maps? **
 * *Are these actual maps of the 12th Army's positions or part of the deception propaganda meant to be found by Axis forces? **
 * ~ ** Jana, I never even considered the fact that they might purposefully create maps that were meant to be deceptive! That makes sense and could easily lead to a great discussion about different tactics that the military may use to distract the enemy. (CF)
 * *Students can compare to: **** D-Day Maps: **


 * *Discussion of which countries took which beaches. (JH) **

Jana, I explored your links. Really neat stuff! (KM)

***It would be interesting to get ahold of the original holiday photos of France that the BBC stated were for "exhibt". The ones of Normandy Beaches were then used to make maps, we could have the students compare the photos to the maps. (CB)**

Cory, that would be really neat if we could get a hold of the original pictures that were used to make the maps. It would also be neat if we could have someone from a local airport take pictures of the local area and then we could have the students map the area from the pictures and try to plan out the best plan for a battle of attack for our local area. (CF)

Students could also plot the movement of troops and analyze a "better" plan based on what students know about the events of this time. Can they "rewrite" history for a better outcome? (KM)

//**What prior information would be necessary for students to use these maps effectively?**// Discuss and answer here. The students would need to have a basic prior knowledge of WWII, including who was involved in the war and which countries were allied with which countries. The students would also need to have the basic knowledge of how a plan of attack is designed, including the fact that you often have multiple units attack at the same time and that not all the units will attack in the same exact location at the same time. (CF)

Students would need a knowledge of World War II to properly understand the maps. I invision using the maps from the D-Day invasion. To do this, I would first use this website from PBS: [] It would also be important to teach students how to appropriately read and analyze these maps. Perhaps students could do practice lesson reading maps following teacher modeling. (KM)

//**Would you use these maps in your classroom? Why or why not?**// Discuss and answer here. If I had a group of students studying the Normandy Invasion or a specific WWII battle that was included in this collection then I would definitely include the maps in my classroom as a primary source for their History Day project. The topics that are covered in my classroom are very dependent on the particular interests and needs of the current student so my curriculum is continually changing so I am never really certain of what will be covered over the years. Therefore, I just keep a collection of ideas that I can pull from when a student shares an interest or need. (CF)
 * Students would need to know about the FUSAG. (JH) **

I would use these maps for a World War II lesson, especially surrounding the events of D-Day. I think it would be useful for students to study the maps and then determine the successes and failures of the D-Day invasion. Again, background information is necessary for the students to best understand the causes and effects of D-Day. (KM)


 * I would have definitely used these maps in class when I taught WWII in SS. (JH) **

Map Uses Brainstorming

 * Identification of geographic, both political and physical, areas. (KM)
 * Study the change of countries and landscapes over time. (KM)
 * Study how politics shape the borders of countries and regions. (KM)
 * //**Mathematics**//: The maps could be used to calculate the average speed that a particular unit traveled over the time span between two maps. (CF)
 * **//Earth Science//**: Satellite maps could be used to study current or previously dangerous weather patterns in an Earth Science class. (CF)
 * **//Advanced Problem Solving//**: Student could set up to play "Axis & Allies" and create their own maps of the plan of attack that they believe is needed to win. At the end of the game, they could analyze how effective they were with their plan. What surprised them as they tried to carry out the plan of attack? What were the unknowns? Did their enemy do what they expected them to do? How can they change their strategy and plan for the next game? (CF)
 * **Social Studies:** Students could study maps of election results depicting presidential election results (state by state with the Electoral College). This website ([]) has archived maps all the way back to 1789. (KM)
 * ** Earth/Space Science: Students could create Station Model Maps ([|http://www.aos.wisc.edu/~hopkins/aos100/sfc-anl.htm]) for the weather conditions the troops would be facing on June 6, 1944 ([]) with a discussion as to whether or not weather had anything to do with the decision to invade on June 6. (JH) **
 * ** Health: Students can use maps to track outbreaks and flu reports. (CB) **
 * ** P.E.: Our PE classes use a map of Virginia to "Walk across Virginia". They wear pedometers and change their steps into distance and then mark that distance on a map of Virginia. (CB) **